Question 1

What is a matrix?

Accepted Answer

A matrix is a rectangular arrangement of numbers, symbols, or expressions in rows and columns. It is used to represent and solve systems of linear equations, perform transformations in geometry, and analyze data.

Question 2

What are the different types of matrices?

Accepted Answer

There are various types of matrices based on their structure and elements, including:
Row matrix: A matrix with only one row.
Column matrix: A matrix with only one column.
Square matrix: A matrix with an equal number of rows and columns.
Diagonal matrix: A square matrix where all off-diagonal elements are zero.
Scalar matrix: A diagonal matrix where all diagonal elements are the same.
Identity matrix: A diagonal matrix with 1’s on the diagonal and 0’s elsewhere.
Null matrix: A matrix with all elements as zero.

Question 3

How do you determine the order of a matrix?

Accepted Answer

The order of a matrix is determined by the number of rows and columns it has. If a matrix has 'm' rows and 'n' columns, its order is denoted as m × n.

Question 4

When are two matrices considered equal?

Accepted Answer

Two matrices are considered equal if:
They have the same order (i.e., same number of rows and columns).
Each corresponding element in both matrices is equal.

Question 5

How do you add or subtract two matrices?

Accepted Answer

Matrices can be added or subtracted element-wise, provided they have the same order. To add or subtract, simply add or subtract the corresponding elements of the matrices.

Question 6

Can all matrices be multiplied?

Accepted Answer

No, matrix multiplication is only defined when the number of columns in the first matrix equals the number of rows in the second matrix. If matrix A is of order m × n and matrix B is of order n × p, then their product AB will be a matrix of order m × p.

Question 7

What is the transpose of a matrix?

Accepted Answer

The trannspose of a matrix is formed by swapping its rows with its columns. If matrix A has order m x n, then the tranpose of A, denoted as AT, will have order n x m.

Question 8

What is a determinant?

Accepted Answer

The determinant is a scalar value that can be computed from the elements of a square matrix. It helps determine whether a matrix is invertible and has applications in solving systems of linear equations, among other uses.

Question 9

How do you find the determinant of a 2x2 matrix?

Accepted Answer

Image coming soon...

Question 10

What is the inverse of a matrix?

Accepted Answer

The inverse of a square matrix A is denoted by A-1 and id defined such that
A x A-1 = A-1 x A = I where, I is the identity matrix. The inverse exists only if the determinat of the matrix is non-zero.

Question 11

What are the applications of matrices?

Accepted Answer

Matrices have numerous applications, including:
Solving systems of linear equations.
Representing and performing transformations in 2D and 3D geometry.
Analyzing and managing data in economics, physics, computer science, and more.
Representing networks in graph theory.

Question 12

What is the adjoint of a matrix?

Accepted Answer

The adjoint of a matrix is the transpose of its cofactor matrix. It is used in the formula to find the inverse of a matrix.

Question 13

What are symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices?

Accepted Answer

A matrix is symmetric if A = AT , meaning it is equal to its transpose.
A matrix is skew-symmetric if AT = -A, meaning the transpose is the negative of the original matrix.

Question 14

What are some key properties of matrix multiplication?

Accepted Answer

Matrix multiplication is not commutative, i.e., AB ≠ BA in general.
Matrix multiplication is associated, i.e., A(BC) = (AB)C.
Matrix multiplication is distributive over addition, i.e., A(B + C) = AB + AC.

Question 15

What is the significance of the identity matrix?

Accepted Answer

The identity matrix, denoted by I, acts as the multiplictive identity in matrix multiplication. For any matrix A, multiplying it by the identity matrix results in the matrix itself, i.e., A x I = A.

Question 16

Can a non-square matrix have a determinant?

Accepted Answer

No, the determinant is only defined for square matrices (matrices with the same number of rows and columns). Non-square matrices do not have determinants.

Question 17

How are matrices used to solve systems of linear equations?

Accepted Answer

Matrices can be used to represent a system of linear equations in the form AX = B, where A is the matrix of coefficients, X is the matrix of variables, and B is the matrix of constants. The system can be solved by finding the inverse of matrix A (if it exists) and multiplying it by B, i.e., X = A-1 B.

Question 18

What is the meaning of Square Matrix?

Accepted Answer

A square matrix is a matrix that has an equal number of rows and columns. In other words, the number of rows (m) is the same as the number of columns (n), making the matrix of order m × m.

Matrices Class-12th Board

Relations and Functions Class-12th

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